Soil contamination with waste and ecological transition. Case of the Bejaia city center region in the east of Algeria.

Waste always been considered as a harmful source on the imbalance of the environment and biodiversity, the contamination they cause vary from one place to another depending on the nature of waste, their phase of decomposition and the spaces impacted (nature of the soil). The present work consists in determining the problem of soils contaminated by household and similar wastes in open dumps. The city of Bejaia to the east of the northern region of Algeria, as all Algerian cities, suffer from the proliferation of wild dumping. This problem of dirt by household and assimilated waste without any organized waste management system and no study for the recovery of energy from waste creates serious dangers for fauna, flora and soil. In this sense, we are interested in the ecological transition to reduce the amount of waste, this by an effective management for our waste.

 The site of Boulimat is an ancient savage dumping ground where all kinds of waste from the commune of bejaia are collected without any study of their impact on the ground. The results obtained in this study permit to conclude the soil of this landfill is impermeable and also the physio-chemical analysis reveals a strong degradation of this soil. Composting at this level is an eco-technology because it allows the return of organic matter in the soil and thus its reinsertion in the great vital ecological cycles of our planet.